Parents in Germany who fail to seek medical advice on vaccinating their children could face fines of up to €2,500 (£2,175; $2,800).
Health Minister Hermann Gröhe said it was necessary to tighten the law because of a measles epidemic.
A mother of three died of measles in the city of Essen this week.
The government wants kindergartens to report any parents who cannot prove they have had a medical consultation.
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